Quality Improvement Essay Example for Free

Quality Improvement Essay America had long lost to Japan its dominance in the world marketplace even in America itself because of Japanese quality management philosophy. To illustrate that workers involvement in quality improvement is the core of this management philosophy, the article compared three kinds of firms operating in the U. S.: A companies or strictly American firms, AJ companies or American firms employing Japanese quality control methodologies, and J companies or Japanese firms operating in the U. S.  It focused on two areas: (1) production workers knowledge and use of Statistical Quality Control Tools (SQC tools), and (2) production workers’ quality responsibilities. Of the 17 recognized SQC tools, 7 were noted to be highly employed in the U. S. The findings indicate that (1) SQC tool utilization of U. S. firms classified as AJ and J is higher than that of U. S. firms classified as A, and (2) delegation of responsibility for quality to production workers by U. S. firms classified as AJ and J is higher than that found in U. S. firms classified as A. Assessment of the Article From the selection of the sample group to the development of the questionnaire and all the way to the analysis of data collected, the research methodology cannot be faulted. I am especially impressed with how exacting the authors were with their definitions. They showed great care in determining exactly what is meant by organizational size as it is related to other organizational functioning, likewise they found fit to define what is exactly meant by production worker as opposed to pure quality control personnel classified as production worker. However, upon perusal of their two findings, one is led to ask whether or not the first area was sufficiently addressed. The first area was actually composed of two, knowledge and utilization of SQC tools. While their data validly showed that utilization was either high or low, it says nothing of knowledge; specifically how knowledgeable these production workers were with the SQC tools, or are we to assume that usage is the same as knowledge? Conclusions With the exception on that little confusion as to the distinction between knowledge and usage, the article had shown that the Japanese quality management philosophy entails worker involvement in quality improvement to the extent that the worker is suppose to use the statistical quality control tools and be delegated responsibilities over the quality of the products themselves.

Power and Betrayal in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay

Scott Fitzgerald was a writer who desired his readers to be able to hear, feel, and see his work. He made it his goal to be able to make readers think and keep asking questions using imagery and symbolism. The Great Gatsby was not just about the changes that occurred during the Jazz Age, but it was also about America’s corrupted society which was full of betrayal and money-hungry citizens. It was the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg that overlooked all the corruption that occurred throughout the Valley of Ashes. It was the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg that serves as a symbol of higher power who witnesses everything from betrayal to chaos in Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. We encounter the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg in the valley of ashes, the desolated land between West Egg and New York. The vulgar eyes of Dr. Eckleburg have become something to intertwine with the Valley of Ashes to many critics and readers. The setting of where the billboard is located makes it seem as if it is not significant. However it is also the location of the billboard that explains how the eyes overlook both New York and West Egg since it is between it. The valley of ashes is exactly what its name sounds like. Scott Fitzgerald described it as: About half-way between West Egg and New York the motor road hastily joins the railroad and runs beside it for a quarter of a mile, so as to shrink away from a certain desolate area of land. This is a valley of ashes---a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens, where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air. Occasionally a line of grey cars cr... ...haracter percipient enough to comprehend Gatsby’s greatness and who rock pneumonia to pay homage to the man who has given them so much – not exoterically but esoterically.† (Savage 74) In other words, they both appreciated all the things they have received, learned, or gained from Gatsby. In return, they both were there for him through the end. Gatsby was more than the neighbor who was rich and threw parties, but he was also a friend†¦a human being. Work Cited Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York: Scribner, 2013. Print.

System and Change in Industrial Relations Analysis

As a student of industrial relations, I am often bombarded with conflicting theories and reasons for the emergence and importance of this field. Edmond Heery outlines and analyses the justaposition of two different views of modeling this vast and often debated area of industrial relations. His article looks at two types of model building in IR. First, the traditional model of systems-thinking set forth by John Dunlop, one of the pioneers of IR theory. Introduced in 1958, Dunlop’s system theory of IR tries to provide tools to understand the widest possible range of IR activities and explains why particular rules are established in particular contexts. Dunlop argues that IR can be studied as an independent field in an industrial society (much like economics). The systems theory makes use of four related elements: Actors- workers and their institutions, management, government institutions; Contexts- technical characteristics of workplace, budgetary constraints, locus and distribution of power in society; Rules- procedural and substantive; Functional ideology- integration, ie. IR regulates conflict by playing by the rules. The relationship between these elements is twofold- not only does the IR context influence the IR actors and the rules they creat, the actors’ shared acceptance of the common idealogy (the IR game played by the rules) helps bind the system as a whole. Heery goes on to outline several criticisms of Dunl op’s rather classic and still widely studied systems theory. A starting criticism of the systems theory is that it views IR as an independent field with an inherent theory. Critics want to push back this boundary and argue that IR was and is deeply connected with and determined by economics, politics, social, domestic, and familial relationships of the time and place in history. Another criticism is that Dunlop has over simplified his description of actors. For example, critics argue that actors’ roles are often changing with new business environments and the emergence of new actors- such as customers and community. Critics also argue that actors make different strategic choices at different levels (eg. Kochan’s model), but Dunlop’s model does not take his into account. The model places a lot of emphasis on roles as opposed to people, thus ignoring behavioural aspects like human motivations and preferences. Other criticisms of Dunlop go on to disagree with his premise that the function of IR is ideological- to regulate conflict and integrate actors. These criticisms range from those who argue that the ideology within IR is not integ rative, but rather reconciliatory (reconcile with the dominant ideology), to those who argue that the ideology in IR is to delegitimize all actors except for workers (thus undermining employers’ authority). Others also argue that IR is non-ideological and unstable, thanks to rapid modernization and high competition. The most loudly uttered criticism of all is that the systems theory does not explain change in the field. This leads to Heery’s second type of IR model building- the models of change. This type of model has a historical perspective and looks at how change occurs in IR over time. The models also examine the pattern of change and whether it is cyclical or directional, gradual, or catastrophic, and its origin- endogenous (from within the employment relationship) or exogenous (from the wider economy and society). Heery looks at six different types of change models that are broadly divided into exogenous and endogenous. Both exogenous and endogenous models have two subdivisions each of directional (gradual and disjunctive) and cyclical change. In the exogenous-gradual model, IR change occurs due to gradual, cumulative change that is driven by forces beyond the employment control. An example is globalization. In the exogenous-disjunctive model, episodes of change are interspersed with periods of stability. The change itself is triggered into the employment relationship by some external event, like a war. In the exogenous-cyclical model, change follows a repeating cycle of decline and renewal as IR adapts to cyclical pressures in the external environment, such as election pressures and the economy. In the endogenous-cyclical model, change occurs because of the competing drives of the actors. For example, IR is said to be both adversarial (due to the competing interests) and cooperative (due to interdependence of the parties). Thus IR will oscillate between adversarial and cooperative mindsets depending on the context as the limitations of each approach become apparent to both management and workers. In the endogenous-disjunctive model, change occurs as a result of strategic choices of the actors within the employment relations. For example, as a result of unions’ traditional marginalization of women’s and minorities’ issues, there has been an increased mobilization of women and minorities within unions. In the endogenous-gradual model, change is gradually driven by forces internal to IR. This model stresses the maturing of IR institutions over time, as they become more complex and start to pursue differentiated goals- this is a model of union revitalization as a result of knowledge transfer and networking within the labour movement. Heery’s review of the two types of models of looking at IR is comprehensive in looking at the criticism of the systems theory, but does not analyze the change models with the same depth. As a relatively new student in the field, I would have benefitted from a more detailed description of the change model before dwelling into its critique. However, I felt that Heery’s description of the change models was very streamlined and organized in a logical manner. I found his inclusion of a short discussion on the ‘new actors’ that have interests in IR, such as consumers or identity groups particularly interesting and worth considering. In the end, I do agree with Heery, and think that IR is a dynamic and complex field and it is certainly useful to have more than one perspective of studying and thinking about how these relationships are formed, changed, and managed.

The Dichotomy Of Light And Darkness - 974 Words

Photographically, contrast is the scale of the difference in white and black in an image. The contrast of a photograph is crucial to its form, for without contrast a photograph would be unintelligible. The contrast, or scale of the difference in light and darkness is crucial to writing as well as exemplified in The Scarlet Letter. Nathaniel Hawthorne, throughout his novel, employs the dichotomy of light and darkness in order to reveal several themes in which this juxtaposition accentuates the contrast not only between man’s law and nature’s law, but also that between innocence and immorality, and secrecy. A prominent theme which Hawthorne explores is that of man made law versus natural law. One could argue that the only unassailable law of nature is that the sun must rise every morning and fall every evening. This is precisely Hawthorne’s premise. He likens the punishment of man with darkness through descriptions of the prison as being â€Å"the black flower of civilized society† and a â€Å"dungeon† lit with â€Å"grey twilight† and composed of â€Å"darksome apartments† as well as describing its walkways as â€Å"the dark passageway(s) of the interior†. However, in every account of darkness Hawthorne includes a component of light such as â€Å"a wild rosebush†¦ which might be imagined to offer their[its] fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner(s) as he[they] went in...in token that the deep heart of nature could pity and be kind to him[them]† as well as â€Å"a baby of some three months old, whoShow MoreRelatedEssay on Feminist Theory in Heart of Darkness1199 Words   |  5 Pagesof Darkness Joseph Conrad’s varying depiction of women in his novel Heart of Darkness provides feminist literary theory with ample opportunity to explore the overlying societal dictation of women’s gender roles and expectations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The majority of feminist theorists claim that Conrad perpetuates patriarchal ideology, yet there are a few that argue the novel is gendered feminine. Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar claim â€Å"Conrad’s Heart of Darkness†¦penetratesRead MoreThe Art of Travel Rheotrical Analysis1136 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Kirsten Cooper Lara Jacobs WRTG 3020 2/4/13 The Art of Darkness: Beauty’s Dependence on Darkness in The Art of Travel â€Å"There was only one way to possess beauty properly, and that was by understanding it, by making oneself conscious of the factors (psychological and visual) responsible for it† (de Botton 216). In The Art of Travel, Alain de Botton encourages the reader to view the world through an artistic eye, one which is attuned to detail. By doing so, one can comprehend beauty by becoming ardentlyRead MoreComparison Between Light And Dark Essay1331 Words   |  6 PagesI observed that the author of 1 John often uses stark dichotomies to set clear examples for the audience. These include light/dark, love/hate, truth/error, and God/evil. In 1 John 2:7, the author states the he is not writing a new commandment, but an old one that they have always had. In the next verse, the author writes, â€Å"On the other hand, I am writing a new commandment to you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I wonder what the author means with this contrast, it almost seems contradictory. I know that one of these commandmentsRea d MoreTheme Of Light And Dark In Macbeth886 Words   |  4 Pages The opposition of light and dark as symbols of life and death is the foundation upon which much of Shakespeares Macbeth is built. The characters in Macbeth make several references to light and darkness throughout the play. Darkness to them is indicative of many symbols of evil. For instance, a black cat, dark night, and dark place are all ominous symbols. This darkness has many consequences, such as disrupting the natural order of the world. Light, as it is used in Macbeth, often seems to be indicativeRead MoreEssay about Animality and Darkness in Othello1034 Words   |  5 PagesAnimality and Darkness in Othello  Ã‚   An initial reading of Othello would suggest that animality and darkness are indeed in opposition to beauty and light. This view is affirmed by looking at the language and actions of Iago, Though I do hate him as I do hell-pains in contrast to Desdemona, (or even the early Othello),Not to pick bad from bad, but by bad mend. Animality and darkness can be clearly seen in the character and more specifically the language of Iago. From the very openingRead More Prejudice and Racism in Heart of Darkness? Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesHeart of Darkness: Racist or not?    Many critics, including Chinua Achebe in his essay An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, have made the claim that Joseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness, despite the insights which it offers into the human condition, ought to be removed from the canon of Western literature. This claim is based on the supposition that the novel is racist, more so than other novels of its time. While it can be read in this way, it is possible to lookRead MoreThe Hero vs Villian Dichotomy in Beowulf Essay925 Words   |  4 Pagesprotagonist, Beowulf, on a series of adventures to defeat three key monsters. This old English poem uses a series of motifs to help develop its themes, known as dichotomies. Dichotomies, defined as â€Å"opposites on the same spectrum,† range from good and evil to young and old, light and dark to Christianity and paganism. All these dichotomies are represented clearly in the text; however the concept of Heroes and Villains can be pulled in many differe nt directions. Although Beowulf is always the heroRead MoreThe Jim Crow South As Depicted By Richard Wright And Eudora Welty1035 Words   |  5 Pageswalls of solid darkness,† Mann struggles to row his family--in a white man’s white boat--through the flooded streets of his Mississippi town (74). Upon spotting â€Å"two squares of dim, yellow light† in the distance, Mann is urged on by his belief that â€Å"where there were lights there were people, and where there were people there was help† (77). But as â€Å"the boat glided beneath the windows† and â€Å"a white man came into the light,† Mann realizes that exposure is never salvation. The â€Å"pencil of light shot out intoRead MoreRashormon by Akira Kurosawa1079 Words   |  4 Pagesviable. Analyzing the visuals symmetry and use of light and darkness in the film also illustrates the subjectivity of truth in each of the characters stories. In the Light and Darkness in Rashomon article by Kioko McDonald, McDonald says that; â€Å"The implication of light and darkness are rather opaque Rashomon. On one level, the dichotomy of light and darkness, then, can be considered archetypical representation of this bifurcation of man’s nature: light represents reason, while dark represents impulseRead MoreEssay about Arby1395 Words   |  6 Pageswith romance, with the exotic (baazar) and the erotic (images of Mangans sister). A dichotomy forms between that which is religious and that which is not. It is romantic love versus religious devotion, the baazar at which the narrator wants to buy something for his infatuation, and the kind of life that keeps the girl from going on her own. Curiously, it is in the image of the girl herself that this dichotomy between spiritual and sensual begins to break down. That she is the subject of religious

Edgar Allan Poes The Tell Tale Heart - 1203 Words

A Tell-Tale Spirit In 1843, author Edgar Allan Poe crafted a haunting story about a man who commits murder because he finds an old mans’ pale eye unsettling. This story, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, is one of many masterfully written stories crafted by the gifted writer. Edgar Allan Poe was born on January 19th, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts but was orphaned at the young age of three. His foster parents surrounded him with material comfort in the city of Richmond, Virginia. As a youth, Poe excelled academically while attending affluent boarding schools and was later accepted to the University of Virginia. Unfortunately, Poe was forced to leave the University after he had compiled considerable gambling debts that he could not repay.†¦show more content†¦Carruth posted a $3 Million bail that included a condition that would require him to surrender to authorities if the Cherica and her unborn succumbed to their gunshot wounds. (Smith,1) Doctors were able to stabilize Ms. A dams and deliver her baby 2 months pre-mature. Sadly, Cherica Adams passed away approximately one month after the attack. Thankfully, her unborn child survived, but will severe physical and developmental deficiencies. Fearing prosecution, Carruth fled North Carolina within hours of the victim’s death. Several days later multiple tips lead police to a West Tennessee area motel. Police searched the motel, but ultimately found him in the trunk of a female friend’s car that was parked in the same motel parking lot. Rae Carruth was able to enlist the help of a female friend and his mother to assist him with evading the authorities. Soon after his arrest, Charlotte police successfully identified and arrested both Michael Kenned and Van Brett Watkins. The triggerman, Van Brett Watkins, confessed to the murder and implicated Rae Carruth in the conspiracy to murder his pregnant girlfriend. Cherica’s son, Chanceller Adams, survived the attack and is cared for by her mother fifteen years later. While developmentally challenged, Chanceller and his grandmother have displayed a remarkable spirit of forgiveness toward the murders of theirShow MoreRelatedMorality In Edgar Allan Poes The Tell Tale Heart843 Words   |  4 Pagesothers. Edgar Allan Poe writes a short story of man who goes completely insane in the process of committing a murder. Poe portrays this unnamed narrator as a person who struggles with morality, or the distinction between good and evil and right and wrong. Sometimes this struggle overtakes a person, and the evil within is brought to the surface. Poe’s short story shows readers that there is evil in everyone and that everyone struggles with morality. In this twisted and dark short story, â€Å"The Tell-TaleRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poes Tell Tale Heart964 Words   |  4 Pageshidden under the floorboards of his own chamber. In Edgar Allan Poe’s Tell Tale Heart, the story of this murder is told from the point of view of the killer. The narrator tells of the man’s vulture-like eye, which causes him to murder the man to rid himself forever of the villainy the eye possessed. After the murder, the narrator is haunted by the sound of the man’s beating heart to the point that he has to admit to his felony. In this ghastly tale, the narrator is guilty of premeditated murder becauseRead MoreConflict And Symbolism In Edgar Allan Poes The Tell-Tale Heart1117 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, a short story about internal conflict and obsession, showcases the tortured soul due to a guilty conscience. The story opens with an unnamed narrator describing a man deranged and plagued with a guilty conscience for a murderous act. Edgar Allan Poe was a very popular and magnificent writer back in his day, around the 1800s. You may or may not have heard of him, but, he’s very popular for his dark and haunting poetry and short stories. Two of his most popularRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes The Tell-Tale Heart and The Masque of the Red Death1901 Words   |  8 PagesEdgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† When people think of Edgar Allan Poe, they probably think of dark writing and murders. His writings have been printing since the early 1800’s. (Giordano ) Many of his works are literally classics, such as â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† and â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death.† Much like most of his stories, Poe’s life was a dark one. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. Both his mother and his father were performersRead MoreComparison of Edgar Allan Poes The Imp of the Perverse and The Tell-Tale Heart770 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Edgar Allan Poe is one of the most recognizable literary figures in 19th century American literature. Poe is most well known for his short stories that focus on a psychologically unhinged character who murders an innocent person without motive and eventually cracks under pressure before the police, ultimately turning himself in for the crimes he committed. Two such stories that follow this theme are The Imp of th e Perverse and The Tell-Tale Heart. The Imp of the Perverse begins unlike manyRead MoreAnalysis of Edgar Allan Poes The Tell Tale Heart Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe, whose personal torment so powerfully informed his visionary prose and poetry, is a towering figure in the history of American literature. A Virginia gentleman and the son of itinerant actors, the heir to great fortune and a disinherited outcast, a university man who had failed to graduate, a soldier brought out of the army, a husband with an unapproachable child-bride, a brilliant editor and low salaried hack, a world renowned but impoverish author, a temperate man and uncontrollableRead MoreParanoia in Prose An analytical treatment of Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†1142 Words   |  5 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s classic work, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† we meet an unnamed, gender neutral, narrator who presents a story of madness in the first person. I suspect this ambiguity with gender was purpos eful on Poe’s part so as not to allow any preconceived notions about the motives that the narrator may have. For my purposes, I will assume the narrator is male. This narrator lives with an old man whom he claims to have a genuine love and respect for. It soon, however, becomes alarming clear theRead MoreThe Guilt Of Premeditated Murder In Edgar Allan Poes Tell-Tale Heart1392 Words   |  6 Pagesam; but why will you say that I am mad?† (Poe). In â€Å"Tell-Tale Heart,† Edgar Allan Poe illustrates that the narrator has an acute need of the old man’s vulture eye and eventually murders the man on the eighth night. The author highlights the events of the murder and soon, the narrator confesses to the police of his guilt. As Edgar Allan Poe fabricates this short story, he enthralls the readers by giving the events specific detail. If Edgar Allan Poe were to ever continue the story where the narratorRead More Edgar Allan Poes Tell Tale Heart and Sir Arthur C onan Doyles The Adventure of the Speckled Band3183 Words   |  13 PagesEdgar Allan Poes Tell Tale Heart and Sir Arthur Conan Doyles The Adventure of the Speckled Band Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Edgar Allan Poe, both authors who are eminent for the content of their stories, wrote about crime. Though they invented stories concerning crime, they both wrote through different perspectives. This essay is going to compare how the characters of both stories, Tell Tale Heart written by Poe, and The Adventure of the Speckled Band written by Doyle, have been portrayed Read MoreWhy Should We Care?1748 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Should We Care?: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Few creatures of the night have captured [reader’s] imagination[s] like [Edgar Allan Poe]† (â€Å"Vampires†). Poe has fascinated the literary world since he first became known for writing in 1829, when he was just twenty years old (Chronology†). While he is widely known for exploring the macabre, his work is controversial because of its psychologically disturbing nature. Edgar Allan Poe is worth examining as an author because his many contributions to the literary

King of the Bingo Game - 1745 Words

Analysis of â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† Ideas of slavery, identity, and what is acceptable behavior differ greatly in the past-Civil War North and South. Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† depicts how traditional southern slave mentalities are in conflict even after Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation of the slaves, leading many, like the nameless main character to try and find a new identity and giving him a taste of power to control his life and the lives of others. From the beginning of the story, we are shown racial inequalities. Ellison introduces us to our character who is a broke and hungry African American economically struggling to save his lady friend’s, Laura’s, life. The protagonist â€Å"got no birth certificate to†¦show more content†¦He asks him where he is from and begins to slowly embarrass him, cracking jokes on stage to please his fellow crowd members, for the white man knows the protagonist is somewh ere he doesn’t belong. The protagonist takes no action to respond back to the host, receiving the verbal beating, because it is what he has been accustomed to throughout his life, being seen as the inferior race. He continues to show his lack of identity, as well as his powers of assertion and articulation. Once the protagonist is given the button to control the bingo wheel he tells himself his plan â€Å"†¦ give the wheel a short quick twirl. Just a touch of the button† (586). He held on to the button, tightening his grip, as the wheel increased in speed, it drawing â€Å" him more and more into its power† (587). He finally held the power of the button given to him by the white man. This was his chance to attempt to break the grossly unfair set of rules established by the dominant white society. Instead of following his plan he continued to let the wheel spin, watching the numbers as they whirled by, he then burst out â€Å"This is God! This is the really truly God! He said it aloud, ‘This is God!’† (587). He experiences total power, he loves it. He controls the entire audience’s attention as he holds the button and feels more and more power. The wheel spins while holding onto the button, allowing him to be master of his own destiny a feeling new, scary and addicting to theShow MoreRelatedPrejudice in King of the Bingo Game938 Words   |  4 PagesRalph Ellison’s â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† is the story about an unnamed black man, in the 1930’s, who is hoping to win the bingo game that is being held at the local cinema, in order win enough money to pay for his gravely ill wife to see a doctor. The central idea of this story is about race, and the inability for a person to be the master of his or her own destiny, when they live in an unfair and prejudicial system. The main character is completely alienated from the world around him. He is aRead MoreEssay on Ellisons King of the Bingo Game1076 Words   |  5 PagesEllisons King of the Bingo Game Ellisons King of the Bingo Game encompasses a variety of different implications that transform an otherwise sad short story into a political statement regarding racial injustice towards African Americans. Ellisons use of colors, slang phrases, names, irony, and his almost constant use of metaphor change otherwise meaningless sentences into poignant testimonial of disparity. This exceptional use of language, in conjunction to the hardships African AmericansRead MoreKing Of The Bingo Game By Ralph Ellison1820 Words   |  8 PagesThe short story â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† was written by Ralph Ellison. It was first published in the journal Tomorrow in November 1944. The story involves the protagonist Bingo King who is alone in the world and his isolation is further highlighted by the potential death of his wife who is critically ill. The story interestingly examines a segment of Americans who are often ignored and are new to the urban life (Ellison, 1944). The protagonist has been given characteristics such as backwoods cluelessnessRead MoreKing Of The Bingo Game By Ralph Ellison1826 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The short story â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† was written by Ralph Ellison. It was first published in the journal Tomorrow in November 1944. The story involves the protagonist Bingo King who is alone in the world and his isolation is further highlighted by the potential death of his wife who is critically ill. The story interestingly examines a segment of Americans who are often ignored and are new to the urban life (Ellison, 1944). The protagonist has been given characteristics such as backwoodsRead MoreInternal And External Conflicts Of The Narrator862 Words   |  4 Pagesexternal conflicts of the protagonist The narrator of Ralph Ellison’s â€Å"King of the Bingo Game† is a scared but fighting man. The protagonist of this story is an African American man. He is from Rocky Mont, North Carolina. In the story, his wife Laura is ill and will die if they are not able to take her to a doctor. He is playing a game of bingo in order to try to win the daily jackpot, so he can take Laura to the doctors. He gets bingo and is called up to the front to spin the wheel, but when he goesRead MoreOnline Games Vs. Free Computer Games1051 Words   |  5 PagesFree Computer Games Discover best Free Computer Games Discover best Free Computer Games supported by various gaming softwares developed by top gaming solutions companies. Free Computer Games for Gambling Online Free computer games are pretty popular amongst digital gaming enthusiasts across the world. These games are supported by almost all the top gaming solutions companies. Read on to find out which gaming solutions company supports best computer games for free. Free Computer Games by MicrogamingRead More The Distinguished Works of the Preeminent Black Author, Ralph Ellison2059 Words   |  9 Pagesthe poet Langston Hughes and the novelist Richard Wright (Kennedy and Gioia). In the late 1930s and early 1940s, Ellison was primarily an essayist who was published in several American periodicals. It was in these early years that he wrote King of the Bingo Game and the Buster and Riley trilogy. In 1952, Ellisons Invisible Man was published in what became his most notable work. Invisible Man won Ellison numerous honors including the National Book Award in 1953 (Kennedy and Gioia). Ellison continuedRead MoreGambling Should be Legalized.1571 Words   |  7 PagesThere are tons of ways to gamble. Anybody can pretty much gamble or make a bet on anything. Some major games though are cards. People play games such as poker or blackjack. Also, betting on horses and dogs has been around quit a bit. The biggest form of gambling though is the lottery. Most of these games and events are already legal such has the track and the lottery, but why are regular games like poker and blackjack illegal? Why gamble? What good can come from gambling? Gambling can help our economyRead MoreLanguage Is The Best Choice For My Family Essay1317 Words   |  6 Pagesdays have at least one computer in their home. Use a search engine to find games in your new language. Many of these games are online and free. Sometimes you might find a board game you can purchase for a decent price to use on a regular basis for reinforcement of the language learning. There are cool bingo games in various languages, and I have yet to find a child or an adult who does not enjoy an occasional game of bingo! Concerned that your pronunciation might not be great in the target languageRead MoreThe Cultural Contributions Of Black Culture1800 Words   |  8 Pagesforgetting the importance of it. The issue of identity within the context of black culture is the loss of significance and how our current generation is up thrust now. â€Å"King of the bingo games† is a short story from the book we read in class, the story occurred in the late 1930’s or 1940’s in a movie theater where a bingo game is played for money. The theme of the story is â€Å"Fate and Free will†, (Cassil) the circumstances of the protagonist as a black male in the Civil Rights era, everything is defined

Theory of Effective Organizational Rules †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Theory of Effective Organizational Rules. Answer: Introduction One of the inevitable aspects for the success of every business organization is change. Companies need to continuously identify the key areas and consistently look for the best strategies that will help increase their effectiveness. The change means a transformation in various aspects of the business that enhances the development and the implementation of lucrative ideas. Change helps in the process of re-aligning the organizations structure, the behaviors and also its technological aspects. In the organizational change process, there is need to identify the current organizational issues are necessary to be changed, its alternative solution and have a clear approach on how to go about it. This case paper makes these aspects of organizational change management to be clear. The B.R Richardson Timber Products Corporation is one of the companies that has experienced various organizational related issues. The company has been managed by B.R Richardson and several other staffs on the junior level. Joe and Richard Bowman are also key principals in the managing the operations of this company. The key problems that the company has faced are mostly related to the human resource, the organizational structure, and the processes. These problems have hampered the profitability, growth and the competitive advantage of B.R Richardson Company. The current situation at the company shows that it lacks competent staff. A significant proportion of the employees do not have the right qualification for their jobs, and thus, they lack the prerequisite skills and the necessary experience needed to deliver for their jobs. The situation has lowered the current performance of the company due to low productivity from the labour. Besides, it has led to an increased cost of training the staff who are not qualified for their job positions as a way to increase their performance. The B.R Richardson has been conducting hiring for job positions from the internal staff. This has been a cultural practice for a long time of its business operation. It has been using promotion approaches whereby the staff that seems qualified are given an opportunity to serve at a higher position. The company has realized that the approach has severally denied the company an opportunity to access the best skill and qualification lying outside the organization. Giving an opportunity to the outside world presents a chance for the organization to get fresh ideas and the new knowledge to the company. Besides, the company has reformation in the employee specialization. Initially, every employee could do any job within the company. This made it difficult for workers to perfect in the job and also difficult for the company to measure or evaluates their performance. Organizations Issues and their alternative solutions The communication is one of the critical aspects for the success of a business organization. There should be a clear communication channel where employees of different ranks can timely and comfortably pass their information. The system should allow the flow of information both vertically and horizontally. The communication discordance hampers the free flow of the information which brings about information related issues. Richardson as the founder of the organization did not do a lot in consideration to the employee communication. The B.R Richardson has had issues that are related to communication lines within the organization. There are many cases within the organization that makes it clear that the company needs to improve its communication system. For example, not all workers are able to approach and talk to Joe in as much he is liked by many in the company (Gerhart, 2007). There should be a change within the organization to address the communication issues that exist in the company. There is need to improve the level of interaction between the management and the junior employees in the organization. Bad interaction level has made hampered the free and comfortable flow of information that could otherwise help the company. Also, as a way to improve communication, the company should embrace the information systems which are important in enhancing the communication within the company (Rath Conchie, 2008). Besides, B.R Richardson should embrace an alternative approach to training the employees regarding communication. The training will help change the existing culture of bad communication approaches and thus important in transforming the organization to facilitate information sharing (Mitchell, 2012). One of the major aspects of business that helps the companies to improve their sustainability is their extent of consideration of the CSR. It has an impact on the way the organization relates with its stakeholders and thus, can attract or make them go away which affects the longevity of the business. The B.R Richardson has had issues in their CSR. There are cases where the company has failed to a safe and comfortable working environment for its workers. For example one of the workers of the B.R Richardson, Fuller, was involved in an accident where he was hit with a beam and went for a seven-week off before recovering. The incident shows that the organization has failed to provide a safe working environment for its workers. Looking at the glue section in the plant was so crowded making the environment uncomfortable for the workers (Kotter, 2008). Also, the band saws were not guarded which was risky and could cause accidents to the workers. The company should be on toes to ensure that it carries out its business while putting in the welfare of the stakeholders and the environment. All the activities in the operation process should be considerate of people (Danish, Ramzan Ahmad, 2013). The B.R Richardson should provide a safe working environment for its workers, and also avail all the protective gear required to ensure the safety and good health of its workers (Beverungen, Dunne Hoedemaekers, 2013). Diversity of the Workforce The diversity of the workforce is important for every business organization. It gives the company an opportunity to receive different ideas and experiences of different characteristics of people in the workplace. Usually, companies make efforts to ensure that they at least have a workforce that is made up of people with diversified characteristics. The B.R Richardson is faced with challenges of acquiring and maintaining a diversified work force. For example, The B.R Richardson has a workforce that is largely made up of young people. This brings about a challenge since none of them can advise an old person. Besides, the company finds it difficult to maintain a workforce of diversified skills due to problems in employee retention. The B.R Richardson should make efforts to ensure that they raise a diversified workforce. They should incorporate people of different characteristics such as recruiting older people into the workforce (Griffin, Neal Parker, 2007). Besides, the organization should consider the welfare of people and thus increase their retention ability of the employees. These among other strategies will help the company to increase its workforce diversity (Ford, 2009). The B.R Richardson has had issues in compensating the employees. The employees in the company work for long hours yet compensated little. This has made some of them to exit the organization. Such a condition discourages and demotivates the workers, and thus, their productivity is lowered. It is important for The B.R Richardson to review the working hours of people, the type of job they do and the amount of remuneration they receive. A fair pay and together with other benefits will help the company to motivate the employees and thus increase their productivity (Wood Menezes, 2011). The process change action to implement the solution Reforms in the operations of B.R Richardson Timber Products Company to solve its current problems depend on the change implementation strategy that has been adopted. It is important for the organization to adopt a change model that will help to successfully incorporate the solutions to curb the current organizational problems to the company (Berger, 2009). The model helps to increase the chances of success in the process of change implementation. The model will help to balance the actions who advocate for the course and those who are against it. The best approach to use in this case is the Kurt Lewin model of change (Cullinan, Bline,Farrar Lowe,2008). Kurt advocates for three aspects of the change model. It starts with unfreezing stage whereby the company, makes efforts to minimize the specific forces that are responsible for a given behavior. The step is essential and forms the base of change. The second level is the change step where the company does the actual modification of the existing behavior. The actual step of change entails switching from the accustomed behavior to a new one. The last stage in the process is freezing (Patrick, 2010). In this stage, the organization enforces the new reforms that have been implemented. The employees are made to understand the new company expectations from them. Thus, the model is important and will help the company to get success in its change implementation process (Angelo Ricky, 2009). Recommendations As a recommendation, there are various areas in the organization that needs to be considered for the betterment of the B.R Richardson. The company needs to understand all the organizational problems that it is undergoing through to establish the best strategy to curb them. Regarding communication, the organization needs to incorporate a corporate culture that advocates for free communication within the company without creating borders. This will improve on the communicational issues that are currently facing the company (DeHart-Davis, 2009). Also, B.R Richardson should adopt the best approach to handle the welfare of its workers. It entails ensuring that the welfare of the employees is better, their health and safety are taken care, and they earn remunerated in the better way. Also, it ensures that the employees work with the agreed hours and not overworked (Engelen, 2011). Also, it will be prudent for B.R Richardson to consider hiring employees that are qualified for the available job positions. The approach of promoting employees who are not qualified for the job positions has a negative impact on the labor performance (Ghorbanhosseini, 2012). Besides, the organization should consider hiring people with diversified characteristics. This has an impact on the performance of the company. Also, it is important for B.R Richardson to consider employee training and development. This helps them to be equipped to deliver the best and also as a way to motivate them since they will feel their growth in career. Conclusion In conclusion, it is critical for the management of the B.R Richardson to make reforms to address the existing organizational issues in the company. The best approach is through identification of the all the problems affecting the business, then, devising a solution that is likely to curb these vices. Such moves are expected to impact positively through the increased employee motivation that in turn improves the productivity of the companies. The best approach to change is through the application of a suitable change model. It plays a critical role in identifying and handling challenges that may be experienced during the change implementation process. Thus, proper management of change in every organization is crucial for its effectiveness. References Angelo, S. Ricky, W. (2009). Human Resources Management, Biztantra Publication, New Delhi 2nd edition. Berger, J. (2009). Energized organization,' Smart Business Houston, Vol. 4 no. 4, pp. 5-6. Beverungen, A., Dunne, S. Hoedemaekers, C. (2013). The Financialisation of Business ethics. Business Ethics. A European Review. Cullinan,C.,Bline,D.,Farrar,R.Lowe,D.(2008).Organization-Harmvs.Organization-GainEthicalIssues:AnExploratoryExaminationoftheEffectsofOrganizational Commitment, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 80, no. 2, p225-235 Danish, R., Ramzan, S. Ahmad, F. (2013). Effect of the perceived organizational support and work environment on the organizational commitment. Mediating role of self-monitoring advances in Economics and Business. 1 (4)., pp. 312-317. DeHart-Davis, L. (2009). "Green Tape: A Theory of the Effective Organizational Rules," Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 19, No. 2: 361-384. Engelen, B. (2011). Beyond markets and states: the importance of communities. UNESCO, Blackwell Publishing Oxford., pp. 489-500. Ford, J. (2009). The Four Conversations, Daily Communication that Gets the Results. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers Inc. Gerhart, B., (2007). Horizontal and Vertical Fit in the Human Resource Systems, in Perspectives on Fit, eds. C. Ostroff and T.A. Judge, New York: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 317 348. Ghorbanhosseini, M. (2012). Analysis of team working on organizational commitment in Safa Industrial Group in Iran. International Journal of Engineering and Science, 1 (3), pp. 22-25. Griffin, M., Neal, A., Parker, S. (2007). A New Model of the Work Role Performance: Positive Behavior in the Uncertain and Interdependent Contexts. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 327 347. Kotter, J. (2008). A Sense of Urgency. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School Press, 2008. Mitchell, G. (2012). The Construct of the Organizational Effectiveness: Perspectives from Leaders of International Nonprofits in the United States. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly Patrick, H. (2010). Organization culture and its impact on diversity openness in the information technology organizational context. Dimensions, 1(1), pp. 67-72. Rath, T., Conchie, B. (2008). Strengths-based Leadership: The Great Leaders, Teams and Why People Follow. New York, New York: Gallup Press. Wood, S. Menezes, M., (2011). High involvement management, the high-performance work systems, and well-being. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22, 1586-1610.